Distribution, biosynthesis and catabolism of methylxanthines in plants.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Methylxanthines and methyluric acids are purine alkaloids that are synthesized in quantity in a limited number of plant species, including tea, coffee and cacao. This review summarizes the pathways, enzymes and related genes of caffeine biosynthesis. The main biosynthetic pathway is a sequence consisting of xanthosine → 7-methylxanthosine → 7-methylxanthine → theobromine → caffeine. Catabolism of caffeine starts with its conversion to theophylline. Typically, this reaction is very slow in caffeine-accumulating plants. Finally, the ecological roles of caffeine and the production of decaffeinated coffee plants are discussed.
منابع مشابه
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This article has no abstract
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Handbook of experimental pharmacology
دوره 200 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011